x-ray apparatus

The X-Ray Apparatus consists of an experiment chamber contained in a closed, radiation-proof housing with a transparent synthetic glass shield.

The product has safety features in place to ensure it is both user-friendly and dependable. As well as the casing being radiation-proof, if the synthetic glass shield is opened, the high-voltage source for the X-ray tube automatically deactivates. Safety features like these are crucial in regard to potential radiation exposure.

The X-Ray Apparatus makes a great addition to any lab, allowing the user to conduct various experiments including those involving fluorescent radiation and Bragg's reflection. 

Features of the x-ray apparatus

• High vacuum X-ray tube
• Radiation-proof housing, synthetic glass shield - for your safety
• High voltage source for X-ray tube automatically deactivates if shield is opened
• Directly heated tungsten cathode and copper anode
• Positioned in a borosilicate glass chamber with a thin-walled, concave ray emission window
• A lead-glass hood with a collimator - causes X-rays to emerge in parallel with the experiment plane and provides a shield against scattered radiation
• The horizontal counter-tube goniometer consists of a central sample holder and a swiveling arm
• In the form of a slide tray, this arm serves as a mount for the Geiger-Müller tube, ionisation chamber and also experimental devices in slide formator on a 5 x 5cm base plate
• The swiveling arm can be rotated manually independently of the sample holder, or at a fixed mutual angle with a ratio of 2:1 - useful in experiments involving Bragg's reflection
• The device is equipped with angle and millimeter scales, position markings for experimental devices and radiation-proof bushings for cables and hoses
• Also includes one cable to measure the tube current

Experiment topics

The X-Ray Apparatus can be used to support the following experiment topics:

• Properties of X-rays: transmission, linear propagation, ionisation, X-ray photography
• Fluorescent radiation
• Shielding of X-rays
• Absorption experiments
• Distance law
• Dosimetry and radiation protection
• Diffraction of X-rays: Laue's recordings, Debye-Scherrer's recordings, Bragg's reflection, Duane-Hunt's displacement law (h-determination)
• Moseley's law

technical specification

• Dimensions (X-ray apparatus): approx. 250 x 370mm
• Dimensions (X-ray tube): approx. 100 x 32mm
• Weight: approx. 9kg
• Anode voltage: 20/30kV, switchable and electronically stabilised
• Emission current: 0 to 80μA, continuously adjustable and electronically stabilised
• Cathode heating: 4V, 1A
• Focal spot: 5 x 1mm²
• Anode material: Cu
• Lead-glass collimator: radiation emission aperture with 5mm diameter
• Ray divergence: better than 10° 
• Characteristic radiation wavelength: Cu -K_α: 154 pm, Cu -K_β: 138 pm
• Cable to measure table current: approx. 50cm, 2.5mm jack, 4mm plugs (red/black)

Counter-tube goniometer

• Swiveling ranges: 0°, +10° to +130° and -10° to +130° relative to the ray axis 
• Angular coupling: independent of the sample holder or with a ratio of 2:1
• Measurement accuracy of Bragg's angle: 5 arc minutes
• Timer: 0 to 55 minutes, continuously adjustable
• Power consumption: 100VA